| Osler, L. (2026). “Hallucinating with AI: Distributed Delusions and ‘AI Psychosis’.” Philosophy & Technology, 39(30). |
Ontological framework: distributed cognition, dual-function, the Coupling concept |
ADD-035-001, ADD-035-002, ADD-035-003, ADD-035-004, ADD-034-001, ADD-037-001, ADD-025-001 |
| Morrin, H., Pollak, T. et al. (2026). “Beyond artificial intelligence psychosis.” Digital Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Nature). |
Clinical mechanism: amplification spiral; measurable AI characteristics (linguistic alignment, hyperpersonalization, sycophancy) |
ADD-035-001 (operationalization of trajectory variables), ADD-035-004 (Stage 5 detection) |
| Cognitive Atrophy Paradox of AI–Human Interaction: From Cognitive Growth and Atrophy to Balance. Information (MDPI), 16(11), 1009. (2025). |
Nonlinear model of cognitive co-evolution: reflective engagement → growth; over-delegation → atrophy. Proposes Cognitive Sustainability Index. Identifies automation dependence and metacognitive adaptation as measurable dimensions. |
ADD-037-001 (measurement model for user epistemic degradation), ADD-035-001 (cognitive atrophy as emergent Coupling property), ADD-035-004 (Stage 2 definition and progression hypothesis) |
| Ganuthula, V. R. R. (2026). “The Paradox of Augmentation: A Theoretical Model of AI-Induced Skill Atrophy.” Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies. |
Temporal dynamics model: initial augmentation → performance plateau → skill decay. Formalizes the paradox that augmentation causes atrophy. Shows consistent high performance (MATCH) can mask progressive degradation. |
ADD-035-004 (mechanistic model for Stage 1→2 transition; explains why MATCH verdicts can coexist with degradation) |
| Jadhav, A. (2025). “Distributed Atrophy: How AI Shapes and Shrinks Our Cognitive Habits.” Preprint. |
Internal decision mechanism: the Cognitive Cost Comparator Model (perceived task complexity, time-cost evaluation, confidence in internal ability, trust in external systems, effort aversion index). Explains why users transition from optimization to dependency. Identifies the self-reinforcing feedback loop in the comparator. |
ADD-035-004 (Cognitive Cost Comparator as the measurable decision mechanism driving Stage 1→2→3 transitions) |
| Shaw, S. D. & Nave, G. (2026). “Thinking—Fast, Slow, and Artificial: How AI is Reshaping Human Reasoning and the Rise of Cognitive Surrender.” SSRN/Wharton. |
Tri-System Theory: AI as System 3 (artificial cognition operating outside the brain). “Cognitive surrender” = adopting AI outputs with minimal scrutiny, overriding both intuition and deliberation. Empirically validated (1,372 participants, 9,000+ experiments). Individual differences (trust in AI, need for cognition) predict surrender. |
ADD-035-004 (cognitive surrender IS Stage 3; System 3 supplanting Systems 1+2 IS the architectural mechanism of dependency; individual difference variables enable early detection of vulnerable users) |
| Ginac, F. (2026). “Cognitive Atrophy and Systemic Collapse in AI-Dependent Software Engineering.” arXiv:2604.26855. Submitted to IEEE Software. |
Scales individual atrophy to organizational/systemic level. Introduces “Epistemological Debt” (hidden cost of substituting derivation with AI verification), “Cognitive-Systemic Collapse” (comprehension gap becomes unbridgeable), “Mechanized Convergence” (AI-generated code monoculture = systemic fragility), and “Epistemic Sovereignty” (capacity to understand, not merely operate). 2026 Amazon outages as case study. |
ADD-035-004 (organizational dimension of progressive degradation), ADD-035-005 (proposed: Organizational Coupling and Systemic Fragility — scaling the Coupling from individual to N-user organizational epistemic state) |
| “The Algorithmic Cognitive Atrophy Spiral.” OSF Preprint, v4.0. |
Formalizes the self-reinforcing spiral as a dynamic system. Three-step mechanism: substitution of effort → environmental redesign for AI → Jevons paradox rebound (cheaper cognition → more offloading, not conservation). Physical obesity analogy: the same structural mechanism that drove population-level physical decline is now acting on cognition. The spiral is the formal dynamic model that explains why ADD-035-004’s feedback loop is self-reinforcing and why firms do not self-correct without governance. |
ADD-035-004 (formal dynamic systems model of the feedback loop), Microeconomic paper §4 (Jevons paradox as the economic law explaining non-self-correction) |